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Kamis, 31 Maret 2011

Perintah-perintah query pada mysql



Berikut perintah-perintah QUERY pada MYSQL
1.      Seleksi Data dengan perintah SELECT
Untuk melakukan seleksi data-data yang ada pada table mysql dipergunakan perintah SELECT. Sebelum menggunakan perintah SELECT akan dibuat terlebih dahulu table berikut data-data yang ada didalamnya:
mysql> CREATE TABLE pet (name VARCHAR(20), owner VARCHAR(20),species VARCHAR(20), sex CHAR(1), birth DATE, death DATE);
Melakukan penyisipan data pada table pet
mysql >INSERT INTO pet(name,owner,species,sex,birth,death) values('Fluffy','Harold','cat','f','1993-02-04','');
mysql> INSERT INTO pet(name,owner,species,sex,birth,death) values('Claws','Gwen','cat',' m','1994-03-17','');

mysql >INSERT INTO pet(name,owner,species,sex,birth,death) values('Buffy',' Harold','dog','f','1989-05-13','');
Masukkan data lain sehingga data pada table pet



name
owner
species
sex
birth
death
Fluffy
Harold
cat
f
04/02/1993

Claws
Gwen
cat
m
17/03/1994

Buffy
Harold
dog
f
13/05/1989

Fang
Benny
dog
m
27/08/1990

Bowser
Diane
dog
m
31/08/1979
29/07/1995
Chirpy
Gwen
bird
f
11/09/1998

Whistler
Gwen
bird

09/12/1997

Slim
Benny
snake
m
29/04/1996






•         Seleksi semua data yang ada pada table pet:
           mysql > select * from pet;
•         Seleksi baris tertentu
•         mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name = 'Bowser';
•         mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE birth >= '1998-1-1';
•         mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE species = 'dog' AND sex = 'f';
•         mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE species = 'snake' OR species = 'bird';
•       mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE (species = 'cat' AND sex = 'm') OR (species = 'dog' AND sex = 'f');

•         Seleksi kolom tertentu
mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet;
•         Seleksi nama pemilik pet
mysql>  SELECT owner FROM pet;
•         Seleksi nama pemilik pet tetapi nama sama ditampilkan satu kali
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT owner FROM pet;
•         Seleksi data yang tergolong cat atau dog
mysql> SELECT name, species, birth FROM pet WHERE species = 'dog' OR species = 'cat';
2.      Sorting baris pada tabel
Seleksi data diurutkan berdasarkan tanggal lahir
mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet ORDER BY birth;

Seleksi data diurutkan berdasarkan tanggal lahir diurutkan secara terbalik
mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet ORDER BY birth DESC;
Pengurutan data berdasarkan beberapa kolom data :
mysql> SELECT name, species, birth FROM pet ORDER BY species, birth DESC;

3.      Kalkulasi usia
mysql>  SELECT name, birth, CURDATE(),(YEAR(CURDATE())-YEAR(birth))-(RIGHT(CURDATE(),5)<RIGHT(birth,5)) AS age FROM pet;

Kalkulasi usia diurutkan berdasarkan nama:
SELECT name, birth, CURDATE(),(YEAR(CURDATE())-YEAR(birth))-(RIGHT(CURDATE(),5)<RIGHT(birth,5)) AS age FROM pet ORDER BY name;

Kalkulasi usia diurutkan berdasarkan usia
mysql>  SELECT name, birth, CURDATE(),(YEAR(CURDATE())-YEAR(birth))-(RIGHT(CURDATE(),5)<RIGHT(birth,5)) AS age FROM pet ORDER BY age;

SELECT name, birth, death,(YEAR(death)-YEAR(birth)) - (RIGHT(death,5)<RIGHT(birth,5)) AS age FROM pet WHERE death IS NOT NULL ORDER BY age;

mysql> SELECT name, birth, MONTH(birth) FROM pet;

SELECT name, birth FROM pet WHERE MONTH(birth) = 5;

4.      Pattern Matching
Digunakan untuk melakukan seleksi berdasarkan pola tertentu
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE 'b%';
Perintah tersebut digunakan untuk mencari data yang name diawali huruf b.

mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE '%fy';
Digunakan untuk mencari data name yang mengandung fy

mysql>  SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE '%w%';

Selain menggunakan LIKE Pattern Matching dapat menggunakan REGEXP
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP '^b';

mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP 'fy$';

mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP 'w';

5.      Menghitung jumlah baris
Untuk menghitung baris dipergunakan operator COUNT.
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM pet;

mysql> SELECT owner, COUNT(*) FROM pet GROUP BY owner;

mysql> SELECT species, sex, COUNT(*) FROM pet WHERE species = 'dog' OR species = 'cat' GROUP BY species, sex;

mysql> SELECT species, sex, COUNT(*) FROM pet WHERE sex IS NOT NULL GROUP BY species, sex;


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